Cancer

Cancer is the name given to a combination of diseases in which cells divide uncontrollably.

In the human body, cells grow and divide to form new cells in normal conditions as the body needs them up to a limit. In Cancer, old cells which need to be dead don’t die, and new cells also start forming. This creates excessive cells, which damage body tissues.
 

Types of Cancer

There are hundreds of types of Cancer that are common nowadays. A variety of Cancer is usually named for the organs where the cancers form. For example, Cancer in the lung cells is termed lung cancer, and the Cancer that starts in cells of the brain is called brain cancer. Cancers may be named by the type of cell from which they are formed, such as an epithelial cell or a squamous cell.

Here are some sorts of cancers that begin in specific types of cells:

1.            Carcinoma

2.            Sarcoma

3.            Lymphoma

4.            Leucamia

5.            Multiple Myeloma

 

Cancer can start from one place and can spread to other sites in the body. This particular type of cancer is called metastatic cancer. The process by which cancer cells widens to other parts of a body is called metastasis. In metastasis, diseased cells break down from where they first formed, travel through the blood and lymph system, and develop new tumours in other parts of the body called a metastatic tumour. The metastatic tumour appears to be the same kind of cancer as the primary tumour.

Causes of Cancer

Till now, scientists could not exactly tell the cause of having Cancer but certain things which increase its intensity can be considered as its causes. Some of them are mentioned below:-

1.            Genetics(Inherited).

2.            Narcotics like Tobacco.

3.            Alcohol.

4.            Un-natural radiations (such as UV rays) for a long period of time.

5.            Diet and lifestyle.

6.            Exposure to certain chemicals.

7.            Infections.

8.            Unhealthy environment.

Some important information

It should be noted that not each change in the body’s tissues is cancer, as many people have in their mind. But, these may indeed develop into Cancer if proper treatment is not given on time. Some examples of tissue changes that are not Cancer but still needs observation are:

1. Hyperplasia - It occurs when cells within a tissue divide faster than expected, extra cells build-up, or increase. However, the cells and the way the tissues are organized look normal under the microscopes. It can be caused by several factors or conditions, including chronic irritation.

2. Dysplasia - It is a more severe condition than the above one. In dysplasia, there is also a build-up of a lot of extra cells. But the cells look abnormal, and there are changes in how the tissues are organized. Generally, the more abnormal the cells and tissue look, the greater the chance that cancer will form.

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